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ATI LPN Utah 1 med surg exam

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Exam Details !

Title : ATI LPN Utah 1 med surg exam

Type : Nursing

Category : LPN Nursing Exams

Subcategory : ATI Exams (LPN)

Domain : MED-SURG Exams (LPN ati)

Fragment : N/A

Module : LPN-NURSING

Exam Status : active

Rating : 95.00%

Attempts Allowed : 100

Exam Year : 2025

Duration : 150 minutes

Total Questions : 52

Passing Score : 90%

Difficulty : Intermediate

Instructions : Answer all questions carefully and within the allocated time, using current best practices and critical thinking.

Description : This test features high-yield, NCLEX-style Medical Surgical questions tailored for LPN students.

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1 :
A nurse is collecting data from a client who reports persistent vomiting, dizziness, palpitations, and numbness and tingling in his fingers and toes and around his mouth. The nurse notes the client's respirations are slow and shallow. The nurse should suspect that the client has developed which of the following acid-base imbalances?

Respiratory acidosis

Metabolic alkalosis

Metabolic acidosis

Respiratory alkalosis

Hint : 🧐Consider how losing acid from the stomach shifts the balance toward excess base.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

2 :
A nurse is caring for a client in the emergency department (ED) who has high anxiety and shallow respirations at a rate of 30/min. Which of the following acid-base disturbances is the client most likely experiencing?

Respiratory acidosis

Respiratory alkalosis

Metabolic acidosis

Metabolic alkalosis

Hint : 🤔Rapid breathing drives off too much CO₂, tipping the balance toward alkalinity.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

3 :
A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who has multiple injuries following a motor vehicle crash. The nurse should monitor for which of the following manifestations of a pneumothorax?

Absence of breath sounds

Coarse crackles

Inspiratory stridor

Expiratory wheeze

Hint : 🧐Listen for lack of sound rather than abnormal sounds when air enters the pleural space.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

4 :
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has a respiratory disorder and displays manifestations of hypoxia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Bradypnea

Cyanosis

Pallor

Bradycardia

Hint : 🧐Look for bluish skin changes indicating low oxygen saturation.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

5 :
A nurse is assisting with weaning a client from the ventilator. Which of the following parts of the ABCDEF assessment tool does the weaning process represent?

Choice of Analgesia and Sedation

Assess, Prevent, and Manage Pain

Delirium: Assess, Prevent, and Manage

Breathing: Spontaneous Awakening Trials (SAT) and Spontaneous Breathing Trials (SBT)

Hint : 🧐Connect weaning strategies directly to SAT and SBT under the Breathing component.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

6 :
Which of the following best describes the primary physiological role of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) in the regulation of cardiovascular function?

BNP promotes the synthesis of angiotensin II to enhance fluid retention and increase blood pressure.

BNP increases heart rate and cardiac contractility to enhance cardiac output.

BNP increases blood pressure by causing vasoconstriction and stimulating aldosterone release.

BNP decreases blood pressure by causing vasodilation and promoting sodium and water excretion.

Hint : 🧐Think of BNP as a natural diuretic and vasodilator released during volume overload.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

7 :
A nurse is caring for a client who has asthma and allergies. The client asks the nurse about environmental influences they should avoid. The nurse should inform the client to avoid which of the following?

Hepatitis B

Cockroaches

Radon

Mold

Hint : 🧐Focus on damp environments where fungal spores flourish and trigger respiratory symptoms.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

8 :
A nurse is collecting data for a client who has acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Impaired carbon dioxide elimination due to shunting

Decreased pulmonary arterial pressure due to ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) mismatch

Hypoxemia due to dead space

Decreased pulmonary compliance due to stiffness

Hint : 🧐Think “stiff lungs” requiring more effort to inflate in acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

9 :
A nurse is reinforcing discharge instructions for a client who has asthma and is about to start using beclomethasone MDI. For which of the following findings should the nurse instruct the client to monitor and report to the provider as an adverse effect of the medication?

Dry oral mucous membranes

Tremors

White coating in the mouth

Nausea

Hint : 🔬Consider how residual inhaled medication might alter the mouth’s microbial environment.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

10 :
A charge nurse is reinforcing teaching to a group of nurses about hydrostatic pressure. Which of the following should the nurse include as a contributor to hydrostatic pressure?

Excretion of calcium by the kidneys

Osmotic pressure

Pressure exerted by contraction of the heart

Pressure applied by plasma proteins

Hint : 🔍Focus on what physically drives blood through the vessels to create pressure.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

11 :
A nurse is collecting data for a client who has acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Impaired carbon dioxide elimination due to shunting

Decreased pulmonary arterial pressure due to ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) mismatch

Hypoxemia due to dead space

Decreased pulmonary compliance due to stiffness

Hint : 💭Think about how inflammation and fluid accumulation affect the lung’s ability to stretch.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

12 :
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has seasonal allergies and is taking an antihistamine. Which of the following findings is an adverse effect of this type of medication?

Photophobia

Increased blood pressure

Diarrhea

Dry mouth

Hint : 🌀Recall the anticholinergic side effects common with allergy medications.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

13 :
A nurse is collecting data for a client who has acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Impaired carbon dioxide elimination due to shunting

Decreased pulmonary arterial pressure due to ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) mismatch

Hypoxemia due to dead space

Decreased pulmonary compliance due to stiffness

Hint : 🕵️‍♂️Focus on how alveolar damage and fluid impact lung expandability.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

14 :
A nurse is providing a client who has COPD with education regarding adapting their behavior. Which of the following describes an anticipated outcome following education of the client?

Repeating the same question over and over

Awareness of COPD manifestations

Anxiety and restlessness

Motivation and engagement of the client

Hint : 🤓Focus on how patient education equips clients to identify and respond to their own respiratory symptoms.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

15 :
A nurse is assisting with the plan of care for a client who has pneumonia and requires chest percussion, vibration, and postural drainage. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to complete first?

Provide mouth care.

Cup hands and tap on the client's chest repeatedly.

Auscultate lung fields.

Position the client so that the lung area to be drained is above the client's trachea.

Hint : 🎯Use gravity first to move secretions before tapping or assessment.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

16 :
A charge nurse is providing an in-service to a group of nurses about hypomagnesemia. Which of the following should the charge nurse include as risk factors for this condition? (Select all that apply.)

Clients who have had gastric bypass surgery

Clients who have renal failure

Clients receiving opioid pain medications

Clients who are in the intensive care unit

Clients undergoing hemodialysis

Hint : 🧲Think about conditions that decrease absorption or increase magnesium loss.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

17 :
Which of the following is the most common risk factor for emphysema?

Smoking tobacco

Asthma

Between 20 to 30 years of age

Pollution

Hint : 🚭Identify the primary inhaled toxin that damages alveoli over years.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

18 :
A nurse is assessing a client who has respiratory alkalosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Hyperventilation

Abdominal pain

Dry skin

Diarrhea

Hint : 💨Look for the breathing pattern that lowers CO₂ and increases pH.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

19 :
A nurse is caring for a client who has a respiratory illness that has resulted in chronic hypoxia. Which of these conditions can develop as a result of long-term hypoxia?

Cardiac enlargement

Exophthalmos

Gastric ulcerations

Urinary tract infections

Hint : 🫀Think “heart adapts to work harder against low oxygen” over time.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

20 :
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who is postoperative and has a respiratory rate of 7/min. The arterial blood gas (ABG) values include:
pH 7.22
PaCO2 68 mm Hg
Base excess -2
PaO2 78 mm Hg
Oxygen saturation 80%
Bicarbonate 28 mEq/L
Which of the following interpretations of the ABG values should the nurse make?

Respiratory alkalosis

Metabolic acidosis

Metabolic alkalosis

Respiratory acidosis

Hint : 🔍High CO₂ with low pH signals a primary respiratory problem.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

21 :
A nurse is caring for a client who has hypokalemia. Which of the following findings should the nurse associate with hypokalemia?

Hyperventilation

Bradypnea

Syncope

U waves on electrocardiogram

Hint : 🔍Look for ECG deflections that appear after the T wave indicating slow repolarization.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

22 :
Which of the following best describes the role of osmoreceptors in the regulation of water balance in the body?

Osmoreceptors in the pituitary gland regulate the secretion of cortisol in response to changes in plasma osmolality.

Osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus detect high plasma osmolality and stimulate the release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), which enhances water reabsorption in the kidneys.

Osmoreceptors in the kidneys monitor blood pressure changes and regulate aldosterone secretion to control sodium reabsorption and water balance.

Osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus detect low plasma osmolality and inhibit the release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), leading to increased urine production.

Hint : 💡Think about how the brain prompts the kidneys to retain water when blood solute levels rise.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

23 :
A nurse is caring for a client who has metabolic alkalosis. Which of the following assessment findings is a possible cause for this condition? (Select all that apply.)

Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) 25 mg/dl (10 to 20 mg/dL)

Serum potassium level 4.8 mg/dL (3.5 to 5 mg/dL)

History of vomiting

Overuse of antacids

Polycythemia

Hint : 🩺Consider conditions that result in acid loss or base gain.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

24 :
A nurse is caring for a client who has pneumonia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to thin the client's respiratory secretions?

Encourage the client to drink more fluids.

Encourage regular use of the incentive spirometer.

Encourage coughing and deep breathing.

Encourage the client to ambulate more often.

Hint : 🥤Think about what dilutes mucus to ease cough efforts.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

25 :
Which of the following are the most common manifestations of COPD? (Select all that apply.)

Dyspnea

Chronic cough

Wheezing

Sputum production

Chest tightness

Hint : 🔄Focus on symptoms reflecting persistent airflow restriction and mucus hypersecretion.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

26 :
A charge nurse is reinforcing teaching to a group of nurses about diffusion. Which of the following statements should the charge nurse include in their teaching about diffusion?

"Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration."

"Diffusion is the movement of particles between areas of equal concentrations."

"Diffusion is the movement of water from an area of higher concentration of water to an area of lower concentration of water."

"Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of lower concentration of particles to an area of higher concentration of particles."

Hint : 🔍Think about how particles naturally spread out from crowded areas to less crowded ones

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

27 :
A nurse is caring for a client who has a positive Trousseau's sign and bone pain. Which of the following electrolyte imbalances should the nurse suspect to find with this client?

Hyperkalemia

Hypermagnesemia

Hypocalcemia

Hyponatremia

Hint : 🎯Consider how low calcium levels heighten nerve and muscle irritability

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

28 :
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is having an acute asthma exacerbation. When auscultating the client's chest, the nurse should expect to hear which of the following sounds?

Expiratory wheeze

Rhonchi

Pleural friction rub

Fine rales

Hint : 🤔Listen for high-pitched musical sounds during exhalation in constricted airways

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

29 :
A nurse is collecting data for a client who has tension pneumothorax. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect following tracheal deviation?

Respiratory alkalosis

Increased venous return

Decreased cardiac output

Dilated ventricles

Hint : 🩺Remember that rising chest pressure in tension pneumothorax hinders blood flow back to the heart

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

30 :
A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a graduating nurse about fluid volume deficit. Which of the following concepts about water balance should the nurse explain to the graduating nurse?

The intracellular space contains most of the body's water.

A fluid volume deficit inhibits baroreceptors.

When the body loses water, the intravascular space experiences the water loss.

A negative fluid balance occurs when the body takes in more water than the body needs.

Hint : 🩺Consider which fluid compartment shows volume changes on blood pressure and pulse assessment first

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

31 :
A nurse is reinforcing discharge education to a client who has hypokalemia. Which of the following suggestions should be included in the teaching plan?

Report new-onset muscle weakness

Increase consumption of apples and broccoli

Avoid salt substitutes

Report falls, due to high risk of osteoporosis

Hint : 🌟Watch for changes in strength that indicate worsening electrolyte imbalance.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

32 :
The nurse is gathering data on a client with a diagnosis of tuberculosis. The nurse should review the results of which diagnostic test to confirm this diagnosis?

Sputum culture

Chest x-ray

Tuberculin skin test

Bronchoscopy

Hint : 🔬Think about which test actually grows and identifies the TB organism.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

33 :
A charge nurse is reinforcing teaching with a newly licensed nurse about fluid shifts. The newly licensed nurse asks why sodium levels are high during dehydration. Which of the following responses should the charge nurse provide?

"Water moves from areas where the concentration of sodium is higher to areas where the concentration is lower."

"Sodium moves from areas where the concentration of solute is lower to areas where the concentration is higher."

"Water and sodium particles move together to areas where sodium particles are higher."

"Water moves from areas where the concentration of sodium is lower to the areas where the concentration of sodium is higher."

Hint : 🚰Recall that water follows solutes to dilute concentrated fluid compartments.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

34 :
A nurse is collecting data for a client who has tension pneumothorax. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect following tracheal deviation?

Respiratory alkalosis

Increased venous return

Decreased cardiac output

Dilated ventricles

Hint : 🏥Remember that trapped air in the chest impedes blood return to the heart

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

35 :
A nurse is assisting with preparations for administering intravenous potassium replacement supplements to a client who has a potassium level of 2.5 mEq/L. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to include? (Select all that apply.)

Repeat blood serum potassium

Educate client regarding high-potassium food sources

Cardiac monitoring during infusion

Ensure that the client's urine output is at least 1 mL/kg/hour

Ensure potassium infusion is prepared with 5% dextrose solution

Hint : 🩺Prioritize heart rhythm surveillance and verify renal clearance before and during the infusion.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

36 :
A nurse at a long-term care facility is reinforcing teaching with a newly hired nurse about the care of clients who are receiving mechanical ventilation. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

Reposition the client every 4 hr.

Place the head of the client's bed at 40° when supine.

Turn off the ventilator alarms before suctioning the client's airway.

Provide mouth care every 10 to 12 hr with hydrogen peroxide.

Hint : 🛡️Elevate the head of the bed to prevent aspiration and pneumonia in ventilated clients.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

37 :
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following a tracheostomy and has copious and tenacious secretions. Which of the following is an acceptable method for the nurse to use to thin this client's secretions?

Hyperventilate the client with 100% oxygen before suctioning the airway.

Provide humidified oxygen.

Perform chest physiotherapy prior to suctioning.

Prelubricate the suction catheter tip with sterile saline when suctioning the airway.

Hint : 🌬️Use moisture in inspired gas to loosen and thin airway secretions

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

38 :
A nurse is providing care to a client who has a history of asthma. The client presents with influenza symptoms that started the previous day. The provider orders an influenza test and prescribes an oral antiviral with instructions to begin the treatment as soon as possible. The client asks the nurse whether they can take the antiviral before the lab results are back. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate?

"No, you should wait for lab confirmation because taking antivirals for a nonviral infection can increase side effects."

"No, you should wait for lab confirmation before beginning antiviral treatment, to prevent resistant viruses."

"Yes, antiviral treatment will ensure that you are less contagious and do not spread influenza to others."

"Yes, antiviral treatments are most effective when they are started within 48 hours of symptom onset."

Hint : ⚡Start antiviral therapy promptly to catch the virus before it multiplies extensively.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

39 :
A nurse is providing care to a client who reports facial pain, including dental pain in the upper teeth. Which of the following additional symptoms would lead the nurse to suspect sinusitis as the source of the pain?

The client is producing large amounts of clear, watery nasal discharge and experiencing postnasal drip.

The client has a history of both tension and vascular headaches and takes prescription migraine medication as needed.

The client has nasal congestion that does not significantly improve with over-the-counter decongestants or antihistamines.

The client regularly uses saline-based nasal washes and a humidifier to clean and moisturize their sinuses.

Hint : 🤒Persistent congestion despite OTC meds suggests sinus inflammation rather than an allergy.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

40 :
A nurse is caring for several clients on a medical-surgical unit. Which of the following clients have an elevated risk for hypocalcemia? (Select All that Apply.)

The client who has renal failure

The client who is postoperative following a thyroidectomy

The client who has hyperparathyroidism

The client who has vitamin D deficiency

The client who is receiving bisphosphonate medications

Hint : 💡Consider conditions that reduce PTH, vitamin D activity, or bone resorption when assessing hypocalcemia risk.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

41 :
A nurse is collecting data on a client who has pneumonia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Hypothermia

Bradycardia

Pulse deficit

Tachypnea

Hint : 🌬️Rapid breathing reflects the body’s attempt to compensate for impaired gas exchange in pneumonia.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

42 :
The nurse is reinforcing discharge instructions to the client with pulmonary sarcoidosis. The nurse knows that the client understands the information if the client verbalizes which early sign of exacerbation?

Fever

Weight loss

Fatigue

Shortness of breath

Hint : 📈Increasing breathlessness indicates worsening pulmonary sarcoidosis

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

43 :
A client is to begin a 6-month course of therapy with isoniazid. The nurse should plan to provide which information to the client?

Avoid vitamin supplements during therapy.

Drink alcohol in small amounts only.

Report yellow eyes or skin immediately.

Increase intake of Swiss or aged cheeses.

Hint : 🚨Report any yellowing of skin or eyes right away to check liver function.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

44 :
A nurse is caring for a client with asthma. Which of the following happens physiologically when bronchospasm occurs?

Bronchospasm occurs when there is inflammation, edema, and excess mucus.

Decreased mucus production contributes to airway constriction.

Inflammation is reduced due to airway diameter.

Airway obstruction occurs due to thinning mucus.

Hint : 🌫️Swelling, fluid, and mucus together constrict the airway during an asthma attack.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

45 :
A nurse is caring for a client who has hypernatremia and is receiving intravenous (IV) hypotonic fluid replacement. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse understand is an indication of an adverse effect from the administration of hypotonic fluids?

The client has developed confusion.

The client's serum sodium is 140 mEq/L (135 to 145 mEq/L).

The client has a positive Chvostek's sign.

The client's blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level is 18 mg/dL (10 to 20 mg/dL).

Hint : ⚠️New confusion signals possible cerebral edema from hypotonic fluid administration.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

46 :
Which of the following are the most common manifestations of COPD? (Select all that apply.)

Dyspnea

Chronic cough

Wheezing

Sputum production

Chest tightness

Hint : 🩺Focus on symptoms of airflow obstruction and mucus overproduction.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

47 :
A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is short of breath. When reviewing the client's arterial blood gases (ABGs), which of the following conditions should the nurse anticipate the client to be experiencing?

Respiratory acidosis

Respiratory alkalosis

Metabolic acidosis

Metabolic alkalosis

Hint : 🔍High CO₂ and low pH point to inadequate respiratory elimination of carbon dioxide.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

48 :
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has metabolic acidosis. The nurse should realize that which of the following findings contributes to the development of metabolic acidosis?

Diarrhea

Vomiting

Salicylate intoxication

Hyperventilation

Hint : 💧Consider fluid losses that deplete bicarbonate and lead to acidosis.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

49 :
A nurse is caring for a patient.

History
Examination

A 50-year-old male presents with a 2-week history of persistent facial pain, nasal congestion, and a thick, yellowish nasal discharge.

He also reports a decreased sense of smell and worsening headache that seems to be localized around his forehead and cheekbones.

On physical examination, there is tenderness over the maxillary and frontal sinuses, and he has a fever of 38.3°C (100.9°F).

A sinus CT scan shows mucosal thickening and fluid levels in the sinuses.

Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment for this patient. given the likely diagnosis of acute sinusitis?

Answer Options

Nasal saline irrigation alone

Oral decongestants alone

Oral antibiotics

Intranasal corticosteroids alone

Hint : 🔍Persistent purulent symptoms beyond 10 days usually necessitate antibiotics.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

50 :
A nurse is caring for a patient.

History
Physical Examination

A 28-year-old male with no significant past medical history presents to the emergency department with sudden-onset sharp chest pain and shortness of breath.

He reports that the pain started while he was lifting weights at the gym.

On physical examination, you note decreased breath sounds on the right side of the chest and hyperresonance on percussion.

A chest X-ray reveals a visceral pleural line and absent vascular markings on the right side.

Which of the following is the most appropriate initial management for this patient?

Answer Options

Perform needle decompression of the pleural space followed by chest tube insertion.

Prescribe bronchodilators and schedule a pulmonary function test.

Administer oral antibiotics and arrange follow-up in a week.

Initiate high-flow oxygen therapy and monitor the patient.

Hint : 📆Initiate antibiotics when sinus symptoms persist beyond 10 days or worsen after initial relief.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

51 :
A nurse is caring for a patient.

History
Physical examination

A 30-year-old woman presents with nasal congestion, sneezing, and a runny nose for the past few weeks. She also reports itching in her nose and eyes. Her symptoms seem to worsen during the day, especially when she is indoors. She denies any fever or purulent nasal discharge.

On physical examination, her nasal mucosa appears pale and swollen. and she has clear, watery nasal discharge.

Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment strategy for this patient, who is likely experiencing allergic rhinitis?

Answer Options

Oral antibiotics

Oral decongestants

Nasal saline irrigation

Intranasal corticosteroids

Hint : 🎯Think of targeting the nasal inflammation directly to relieve symptoms.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

52 :
A nurse is caring for a patient.

History
Physical examination

A 40-year-old male is brought to the emergency department following a motor vehicle accident. He exhibits severe respiratory distress and has a history of blunt trauma to the chest.

On physical examination, you notice paradoxical movement of the chest wall: during inspiration, the affected segment of the chest wall moves inward, and during expiration, it moves outward.

His breath sounds are diminished on auscultation over the affected area, and he has a noticeable decrease in oxygen saturation

What is the most appropriate initial management for this patient?

Answer Options

Apply positive pressure ventilation and provide supportive care with pain management.

Perform needle decompression of the pleural space followed by chest tube insertion.

Administer intravenous antibiotics and arrange for an elective surgical repair.

Provide high-flow oxygen and intubate the patient for mechanical ventilation.

Hint : 🏥Remember to stabilize the chest wall internally and manage pain to improve breathing.

Correct Answers:

No Correct Answers Available !

Rationale :

Rationale to be Available Soon

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2 : A nurse is caring for a client in the emergency department (ED) who has high anxiety and shallow respirations at a rate of 30/min. Which of the following acid-base disturbances is the client most likely experiencing?

3 : A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who has multiple injuries following a motor vehicle crash. The nurse should monitor for which of the following manifestations of a pneumothorax?

4 : A nurse is collecting data from a client who has a respiratory disorder and displays manifestations of hypoxia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

5 : A nurse is assisting with weaning a client from the ventilator. Which of the following parts of the ABCDEF assessment tool does the weaning process represent?

6 : Which of the following best describes the primary physiological role of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) in the regulation of cardiovascular function?

7 : A nurse is caring for a client who has asthma and allergies. The client asks the nurse about environmental influences they should avoid. The nurse should inform the client to avoid which of the following?

8 : A nurse is collecting data for a client who has acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

9 : A nurse is reinforcing discharge instructions for a client who has asthma and is about to start using beclomethasone MDI. For which of the following findings should the nurse instruct the client to monitor and report to the provider as an adverse effect of the medication?

10 : A charge nurse is reinforcing teaching to a group of nurses about hydrostatic pressure. Which of the following should the nurse include as a contributor to hydrostatic pressure?

11 : A nurse is collecting data for a client who has acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

12 : A nurse is collecting data from a client who has seasonal allergies and is taking an antihistamine. Which of the following findings is an adverse effect of this type of medication?

13 : A nurse is collecting data for a client who has acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

14 : A nurse is providing a client who has COPD with education regarding adapting their behavior. Which of the following describes an anticipated outcome following education of the client?

15 : A nurse is assisting with the plan of care for a client who has pneumonia and requires chest percussion, vibration, and postural drainage. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to complete first?

16 : A charge nurse is providing an in-service to a group of nurses about hypomagnesemia. Which of the following should the charge nurse include as risk factors for this condition? (Select all that apply.)

17 : Which of the following is the most common risk factor for emphysema?

18 : A nurse is assessing a client who has respiratory alkalosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

19 : A nurse is caring for a client who has a respiratory illness that has resulted in chronic hypoxia. Which of these conditions can develop as a result of long-term hypoxia?

21 : A nurse is caring for a client who has hypokalemia. Which of the following findings should the nurse associate with hypokalemia?

22 : Which of the following best describes the role of osmoreceptors in the regulation of water balance in the body?

23 : A nurse is caring for a client who has metabolic alkalosis. Which of the following assessment findings is a possible cause for this condition? (Select all that apply.)

24 : A nurse is caring for a client who has pneumonia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to thin the client's respiratory secretions?

25 : Which of the following are the most common manifestations of COPD? (Select all that apply.)

26 : A charge nurse is reinforcing teaching to a group of nurses about diffusion. Which of the following statements should the charge nurse include in their teaching about diffusion?

27 : A nurse is caring for a client who has a positive Trousseau's sign and bone pain. Which of the following electrolyte imbalances should the nurse suspect to find with this client?

28 : A nurse is collecting data from a client who is having an acute asthma exacerbation. When auscultating the client's chest, the nurse should expect to hear which of the following sounds?

29 : A nurse is collecting data for a client who has tension pneumothorax. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect following tracheal deviation?

30 : A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a graduating nurse about fluid volume deficit. Which of the following concepts about water balance should the nurse explain to the graduating nurse?

31 : A nurse is reinforcing discharge education to a client who has hypokalemia. Which of the following suggestions should be included in the teaching plan?

32 : The nurse is gathering data on a client with a diagnosis of tuberculosis. The nurse should review the results of which diagnostic test to confirm this diagnosis?

33 : A charge nurse is reinforcing teaching with a newly licensed nurse about fluid shifts. The newly licensed nurse asks why sodium levels are high during dehydration. Which of the following responses should the charge nurse provide?

34 : A nurse is collecting data for a client who has tension pneumothorax. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect following tracheal deviation?

35 : A nurse is assisting with preparations for administering intravenous potassium replacement supplements to a client who has a potassium level of 2.5 mEq/L. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to include? (Select all that apply.)

36 : A nurse at a long-term care facility is reinforcing teaching with a newly hired nurse about the care of clients who are receiving mechanical ventilation. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

37 : A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following a tracheostomy and has copious and tenacious secretions. Which of the following is an acceptable method for the nurse to use to thin this client's secretions?

39 : A nurse is providing care to a client who reports facial pain, including dental pain in the upper teeth. Which of the following additional symptoms would lead the nurse to suspect sinusitis as the source of the pain?

40 : A nurse is caring for several clients on a medical-surgical unit. Which of the following clients have an elevated risk for hypocalcemia? (Select All that Apply.)

41 : A nurse is collecting data on a client who has pneumonia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

42 : The nurse is reinforcing discharge instructions to the client with pulmonary sarcoidosis. The nurse knows that the client understands the information if the client verbalizes which early sign of exacerbation?

43 : A client is to begin a 6-month course of therapy with isoniazid. The nurse should plan to provide which information to the client?

44 : A nurse is caring for a client with asthma. Which of the following happens physiologically when bronchospasm occurs?

45 : A nurse is caring for a client who has hypernatremia and is receiving intravenous (IV) hypotonic fluid replacement. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse understand is an indication of an adverse effect from the administration of hypotonic fluids?

46 : Which of the following are the most common manifestations of COPD? (Select all that apply.)

47 : A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is short of breath. When reviewing the client's arterial blood gases (ABGs), which of the following conditions should the nurse anticipate the client to be experiencing?

48 : A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has metabolic acidosis. The nurse should realize that which of the following findings contributes to the development of metabolic acidosis?

49 : A nurse is caring for a patient.

Answer Options

50 : A nurse is caring for a patient.

Answer Options

51 : A nurse is caring for a patient.

Answer Options

52 : A nurse is caring for a patient.

Answer Options

2 :
A nurse is caring for a client in the emergency department (ED) who has high anxiety and shallow respirations at a rate of 30/min. Which of the following acid-base disturbances is the client most likely experiencing?

3 :
A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who has multiple injuries following a motor vehicle crash. The nurse should monitor for which of the following manifestations of a pneumothorax?

4 :
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has a respiratory disorder and displays manifestations of hypoxia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

5 :
A nurse is assisting with weaning a client from the ventilator. Which of the following parts of the ABCDEF assessment tool does the weaning process represent?

6 :
Which of the following best describes the primary physiological role of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) in the regulation of cardiovascular function?

7 :
A nurse is caring for a client who has asthma and allergies. The client asks the nurse about environmental influences they should avoid. The nurse should inform the client to avoid which of the following?

8 :
A nurse is collecting data for a client who has acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

9 :
A nurse is reinforcing discharge instructions for a client who has asthma and is about to start using beclomethasone MDI. For which of the following findings should the nurse instruct the client to monitor and report to the provider as an adverse effect of the medication?

10 :
A charge nurse is reinforcing teaching to a group of nurses about hydrostatic pressure. Which of the following should the nurse include as a contributor to hydrostatic pressure?

11 :
A nurse is collecting data for a client who has acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

12 :
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has seasonal allergies and is taking an antihistamine. Which of the following findings is an adverse effect of this type of medication?

13 :
A nurse is collecting data for a client who has acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

14 :
A nurse is providing a client who has COPD with education regarding adapting their behavior. Which of the following describes an anticipated outcome following education of the client?

15 :
A nurse is assisting with the plan of care for a client who has pneumonia and requires chest percussion, vibration, and postural drainage. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to complete first?

16 :
A charge nurse is providing an in-service to a group of nurses about hypomagnesemia. Which of the following should the charge nurse include as risk factors for this condition? (Select all that apply.)

17 :
Which of the following is the most common risk factor for emphysema?

18 :
A nurse is assessing a client who has respiratory alkalosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

19 :
A nurse is caring for a client who has a respiratory illness that has resulted in chronic hypoxia. Which of these conditions can develop as a result of long-term hypoxia?

21 :
A nurse is caring for a client who has hypokalemia. Which of the following findings should the nurse associate with hypokalemia?

22 :
Which of the following best describes the role of osmoreceptors in the regulation of water balance in the body?

23 :
A nurse is caring for a client who has metabolic alkalosis. Which of the following assessment findings is a possible cause for this condition? (Select all that apply.)

24 :
A nurse is caring for a client who has pneumonia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to thin the client's respiratory secretions?

25 :
Which of the following are the most common manifestations of COPD? (Select all that apply.)

26 :
A charge nurse is reinforcing teaching to a group of nurses about diffusion. Which of the following statements should the charge nurse include in their teaching about diffusion?

27 :
A nurse is caring for a client who has a positive Trousseau's sign and bone pain. Which of the following electrolyte imbalances should the nurse suspect to find with this client?

28 :
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is having an acute asthma exacerbation. When auscultating the client's chest, the nurse should expect to hear which of the following sounds?

29 :
A nurse is collecting data for a client who has tension pneumothorax. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect following tracheal deviation?

30 :
A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a graduating nurse about fluid volume deficit. Which of the following concepts about water balance should the nurse explain to the graduating nurse?

31 :
A nurse is reinforcing discharge education to a client who has hypokalemia. Which of the following suggestions should be included in the teaching plan?

32 :
The nurse is gathering data on a client with a diagnosis of tuberculosis. The nurse should review the results of which diagnostic test to confirm this diagnosis?

33 :
A charge nurse is reinforcing teaching with a newly licensed nurse about fluid shifts. The newly licensed nurse asks why sodium levels are high during dehydration. Which of the following responses should the charge nurse provide?

34 :
A nurse is collecting data for a client who has tension pneumothorax. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect following tracheal deviation?

35 :
A nurse is assisting with preparations for administering intravenous potassium replacement supplements to a client who has a potassium level of 2.5 mEq/L. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to include? (Select all that apply.)

36 :
A nurse at a long-term care facility is reinforcing teaching with a newly hired nurse about the care of clients who are receiving mechanical ventilation. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

37 :
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following a tracheostomy and has copious and tenacious secretions. Which of the following is an acceptable method for the nurse to use to thin this client's secretions?

39 :
A nurse is providing care to a client who reports facial pain, including dental pain in the upper teeth. Which of the following additional symptoms would lead the nurse to suspect sinusitis as the source of the pain?

40 :
A nurse is caring for several clients on a medical-surgical unit. Which of the following clients have an elevated risk for hypocalcemia? (Select All that Apply.)

41 :
A nurse is collecting data on a client who has pneumonia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

42 :
The nurse is reinforcing discharge instructions to the client with pulmonary sarcoidosis. The nurse knows that the client understands the information if the client verbalizes which early sign of exacerbation?

43 :
A client is to begin a 6-month course of therapy with isoniazid. The nurse should plan to provide which information to the client?

44 :
A nurse is caring for a client with asthma. Which of the following happens physiologically when bronchospasm occurs?

45 :
A nurse is caring for a client who has hypernatremia and is receiving intravenous (IV) hypotonic fluid replacement. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse understand is an indication of an adverse effect from the administration of hypotonic fluids?

46 :
Which of the following are the most common manifestations of COPD? (Select all that apply.)

47 :
A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is short of breath. When reviewing the client's arterial blood gases (ABGs), which of the following conditions should the nurse anticipate the client to be experiencing?

48 :
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has metabolic acidosis. The nurse should realize that which of the following findings contributes to the development of metabolic acidosis?

49 :
A nurse is caring for a patient.

50 :
A nurse is caring for a patient.

51 :
A nurse is caring for a patient.

52 :
A nurse is caring for a patient.